青島希尼爾翻譯公司（m.googlemapbuilder.com）整理發(fā)布2015-12-10

希尼爾翻譯公司（m.googlemapbuilder.com）2015年12月10日了解到：The US has launched a new front in its trade battles with China, accusing Beijing of giving unfair tax breaks to domestic plane producers in a sign of Washington’s anxiety over China’s nascent aircraft industry. 美國(guó)在與中國(guó)的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)中開辟了一條新戰(zhàn)線——指責(zé)中國(guó)向國(guó)內(nèi)飛機(jī)制造商提供不公平的稅收減免，該跡象表明了華盛頓對(duì)中國(guó)剛剛起步的飛機(jī)制造業(yè)感到焦慮。

US officials said yesterday they had filed a request for consultations with Beijing over a value added tax exemption that is given to domestic aircraft manufacturers but not foreign ones. The move is the first step in bringing a case at the World Trade Organisation, the Geneva-based adjudicator of global trading rules. 美國(guó)官員昨日稱，他們提交了與北京方面進(jìn)行磋商的請(qǐng)求，焦點(diǎn)是中國(guó)向國(guó)內(nèi)飛機(jī)制造商提供增值稅豁免，但不向外國(guó)制造商提供類似待遇。此舉是在世界貿(mào)易組織(WTO)提起訴訟的第一步?？偛课挥谌諆?nèi)瓦的WTO是全球貿(mào)易規(guī)則的裁決機(jī)構(gòu)。

The EU and US have battled for years at the WTO over state programmes designed to benefit aircraft manufacturers such as Airbus and Boeing. But yesterday’s launch marks the first case brought anywhere against China over commercial aircraft. 歐盟和美國(guó)多年來一直圍繞旨在惠及空客(Airbus)和波音(Boeing)等飛機(jī)制造商的政府計(jì)劃在WTO角力。但是美國(guó)昨日此舉標(biāo)志著首次有國(guó)家針對(duì)中國(guó)的商用飛機(jī)采取行動(dòng)。

It also comes as the administration of US President Barack Obama has increasingly sought to use a tough stance on China as a selling point for its trade agenda. 目前，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)巴拉克?奧巴馬(Barack Obama)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的行政當(dāng)局日益尋求利用對(duì)中國(guó)的強(qiáng)硬立場(chǎng)作為其貿(mào)易議程的一個(gè)賣點(diǎn)。

The US, Japan and 10 other economies in October concluded negotiations over a Pacific Rim trade agreement, the Trans-Pacific Partnership, which the administration has portrayed as a counterbalance to a rising China. The deal faces an uncertain future in Congress, however, with most Democrats opposing it and prominent Republicans expressing misgivings over some of its provisions. 10月，美國(guó)、日本以及另外10個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體完成了《跨太平洋伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定》（Trans-Pacific Partnership，簡(jiǎn)稱TPP）的談判。奧巴馬政府把TPP描述為抗衡中國(guó)崛起的力量。然而，該協(xié)定在美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)面臨著不確定的未來，多數(shù)民主黨議員反對(duì)TPP，還有一些共和黨高層人士表達(dá)了對(duì)某些條款的疑慮。

The administration has throughout this year presented the TPP as a geopolitical as well as an economic project in the hope of building support in Congress. 奧巴馬政府今年以來一直把TPP說成是一個(gè)地緣政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)項(xiàng)目，希望在國(guó)會(huì)得到支持。

It also has launched WTO and other enforcement cases against China in an effort to portray itself as a tough defender of US jobs from unfair competition, a popular move in the legislature. 奧巴馬政府還在WTO和其他仲裁機(jī)構(gòu)針對(duì)中國(guó)提起貿(mào)易案，試圖展示自己強(qiáng)勢(shì)捍衛(wèi)美國(guó)工人就業(yè)崗位，使其免受不公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)影響——此舉在國(guó)會(huì)受到歡迎。

“We are taking this action today because American workers and producers deserve a fair shot to compete — and win,” Mike Froman, the US trade representative, said yesterday. “今天，我們采取這一行動(dòng)，因?yàn)槊绹?guó)工人和制造商應(yīng)該有一個(gè)公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、以及贏得競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的機(jī)會(huì)，”美國(guó)貿(mào)易代表邁克?弗羅曼(Mike Froman)昨日表示。

The US claims that China’s tax concession for aircraft manufactures violates WTO rules because it discriminates against foreign producers. While imported commercial aircraft are subject to 17 per cent VAT, domestic planes are not. 美國(guó)聲稱，中國(guó)針對(duì)飛機(jī)制造商的稅收優(yōu)惠違反了WTO的規(guī)則，因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)外國(guó)制造商并未一視同仁。

That was not much of an issue in the past. But China’s aircraft industry has been growing rapidly and is beginning to compete with manufacturers such as Boeing, particularly for the rapidly growing regional aviation market in China. 進(jìn)口商用飛機(jī)需要繳納17%的增值稅(VAT)，而國(guó)產(chǎn)飛機(jī)卻不用。

The US also claims that China sought to hide the VAT exemption from the WTO by not disclosing it as required. “Transparency of laws and regulations impacting trade is a core WTO commitment that China must uphold, just as it expects other countries to do,” Mr Froman said. 這在過去并不是什么大事。但近來中國(guó)飛機(jī)制造業(yè)迅速發(fā)展，正開始與波音等制造商展開競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，特別是在中國(guó)迅速發(fā)展的支線航空市場(chǎng)。

美國(guó)還聲稱，中國(guó)試圖通過不按要求披露以向WTO隱瞞這項(xiàng)增值稅豁免。“影響貿(mào)易的法律法規(guī)的透明性是中國(guó)在WTO必須堅(jiān)守的核心承諾，正如它希望其他國(guó)家所做的那樣，”弗羅曼稱。

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